Does pardon extinguish the civil liability arising from the crime?

■ A conditional pardon, when granted, does not extinguish the civil liability arising from the crime. (People vs. Nacional, G.R. Nos. 111294-95, September 7, 1995)

■ Civil liability arising from crime is governed by the Revised Penal Code. It subsists otwithstanding service of sentence, or for any reason the sentence is not served by pardon, amnesty or commutation of sentence. Petitioner's civil liability may only be extinguished by the same causes recognized in the Civil Code, namely: payment, loss of the thing due, remission of the debt, merger of the rights of creditor and debtor, compensation and novation. (Monsanto vs. Factoran, G.R. No. 78239, February 9, 1989)